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Carbs and Sports Performance: The Evidence | MWM 2.18

Can fat fuel intensity in a competitive athlete? This lesson takes a critical look at the commonly cited evidence in favor of a neutral or beneficial effect of low-carbohydrate or ketogenic diets on sports performance, as well as key pieces of conflicting evidence. Bottom line? Fat can fuel duration, but probably can never fuel your …

Carbs and Sports Performance: The Principles| MWM 2.17

Can athletes fat-adapt their workouts? This lesson lays down the principles of exercise biochemistry and physiology needed to understand the importance of the three energy systems supporting energy metabolism in skeletal muscle: the phosphagen system (ATP and creatine), anaerobic glycolysis (dependent on carbs), and oxidative phosphorylation (dependent on carbs, fat, or protein). We discuss why …

Anaplerosis: Why Carbs Spare Protein in Ways That Fat Can’t | MWM 2.16

“Anaplerosis” means “to fill up” and refers to substrates and reactions that fill up a metabolic pathway as its own substrates leak out for other purposes. The citric example is a central example of this because its intermediates are often used to synthesize other components the cell needs. On a mixed diet where carbohydrate provides …

Anaplerosis: Why Carbs Spare Protein in Ways That Fat Can’t | MWM 2.16

“Anaplerosis” means “to fill up” and refers to substrates and reactions that fill up a metabolic pathway as its own substrates leak out for other purposes. The citric acid cycle is a central example of this because its intermediates are often used to synthesize other components the cell needs. On a mixed diet where carbohydrate provides …

Lactate: Rescuing NAD+ and Generating ATP From Glycolysis | MWM 2.15

One of the advantages of carbohydrate over fat is the ability to support the production of lactate. This is so important that carbohydrate is physiologically essential to red blood cells and certain brain cells known as astrocytes. For the same reason, it plays an important role in supporting the energy requirements of the lens and …